The Jurisprudent Philosopher

Ibn Rushd was one of the greatest scientists in history. He was born in Cordova in 1128 C.E. His full name is Abu Walid Mohammad Ibn Rushd. He started his education with studying Hadith, linguistics, jurisprudence and scholastic theology.

The famous scientist made a lot of contributions in philosophy. He wrote extensively on Philosophy and Religion, Attributes of God, Origin of the Universe and Metaphysics and Psychology. As his keen interest in philosophy and jurisprudence he was nicknamed as “The jurisprudent philosopher”. He wrote Tuhafut al-Tuhafut in philosophy.

Apart from this he conducted astronomical observations in Morocco. At the age of 25. He observed a star which was never seen before. He believed that the moon is opaque and obscure and he also gave descriptions on sunspots.

Al-Battani

Al-Battani "Albategnius" , son of Jabir ibn Sinan al-Harrani who had a notable reputation as an instrument maker in Harran. The name makes the identification certain that al-Battani himself was professional in making of astronomical instruments and there is a good indication that he learn these skills from his father.

Al-Battani is one of the most popular observers and a leader in geometry, theoretical and practical astronomy, and astrology. He composed work on astronomy, with tables, containing his own observations of the sun and moon and an exact description of their motions than that given in Ptolemy’s “Almagest”.

MUHAMMAD AL FARABI

Abu Nasr Muhammad al- Farabi, is Known as "Alpharabius", one of the earliest Islamic intellectuals who were instrumental in transmitting the doctrines of Plato and Aristotle to the Muslim world, had a considerable influence on the later Islamic philosophers such as Avicenna.

He was an outstanding linguist who translated the Greek works on Aristotle and Plato and made a considerable addition to them of his own. He earned the nickname Mallim-e-Sani, which is translated as “second master” or “second teacher”.

Al-Kindi the father of Islamic Philosophy

Ya'qub `Abu Yusuf' ibn Ishaq al-Kindi (803-873)

Al-Kindi, a philosopher, and chemist and a prized member of the House of Wisdom in Baghdad was born in Kufa, Iraq. Considered to be one of the 12 great minds in history, he pioneered the field of pharmacology and applied chemistry, introducing the concept of drug formulary. He also invented decryption and musical theory.

Al-Kindi wrote on diverse philosophical subjects, physics, optics, astronomy, music, psychology, medicine, chemistry, and more. He invented pharmaceutical methods, perfumes, and distilling of alcohol. In mathematics, he popularized the use of the decimal system, developed spherical geometry, wrote on many other topics and was a pioneer of cryptography (code-breaking).